Various Methods of Data Collection

Professionals in all the business industries widely use research, whether it is education, medical, or manufacturing, etc. In order to perform a thorough research, you need to follow few suitable steps regarding data collection. Data collection services play an important role in performing research. Here data is gathered with appropriate medium.

Types of Data

Research could be divided in two basic techniques of collecting data, namely: Qualitative collection of data and quantitative collection. Qualitative data is descriptive in nature and it does not include statistics or numbers. Quantitative data is numerical and includes a lot of figures and numbers. They are classified depending on the methods of its collection and its characteristics. Data collected primarily by the researcher without depending on pre-researched data is called primary data. Interviews as well as questionnaires are generally found primary data/information collection techniques. Data collected from other means, other than by the researcher is secondary data. Company surveys and government census are examples of secondary collection of information.

Let us understand in detail the methods of qualitative data collection techniques in research.

Internet Data: Here there is a huge collection of data where one gets a huge amount of information for research. Researchers remember that they depend on reliable sources on the web for precise information.
Books and Guides: This traditional technique is authentically used in today's research.

Observational data: Data is gathered using observational skills. Here the data is collected by visiting the place and noting down details of all that the researcher observes which is needed for essential for his research.

Personal Interviews: Increases authenticity of data as it helps to collect first hand information. It does not serve fruitful when a big number of people are to be interviewed.

Questionnaires: Serves best when questioning a particular class. A questionnaire is prepared by the researcher as per the need of data-collection and forwarded to responders.

Group Discussions: A technique of collecting data where the researcher notes down details of what people in a group has to think. He comes to a conclusion depending on the group discussion that involves debate on topics of research.

Use of experiments: To obtain the complete understanding researchers conduct real experiments in the field used mainly in manufacturing and science. It is used to obtain an in-depth understanding of the researching subject.

Data collection services use many techniques including the above mentioned for collection. These techniques are helpful to the researcher in drawing conceptual and statistical conclusions. In order to obtain precise data researchers combine two or more of the data collection techniques.


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Data Collection Techniques for a Successful Thesis

Irrespective of the grade of the topic and the subject of research you have chosen, basic requirement and process of all remains same i.e. "research". Re-search in itself means searching on a searched content and this involves some proven fact along with some practical figures reflecting the authenticity and reliability of the study. These facts and figures which are required to prove the fundamentals of study are known as "data's".

These data's are collected according to the demand of research topic and its study undertaken. Also their collection techniques vary along with the topic in detail for example if the topic is like "Changing era of HR policies", the demanded data would be subjective and its technique thus depends on the same. Whereas if the topic is like "Causes of performance appraisal", then the demanded data would be objective and in the terms of figures which shows different parameters, reasons and factors affecting performance appraisal of different number of employees. So, let's have a broader look on the different data collection techniques which gives a reliable ground to your research -

• Primary Technique - Here, the data is collected by the first hand source directly are known as primary data's. Self-analysis is a sub classification of primary data collection - As understood; here you get self-response for a set of questions or a study. For example - personal in-depth interviews and questionnaires are self-analyzed data collection techniques, but its limitation lies in the fact that self-response can be sometimes biased or even confused. On the other, hand the advantage is in the court of most updated data as it is directly collected from the source.

• Secondary Technique - In this technique the data is collected from the pre-collected resources they are called as secondary data's. Data's are collected from articles, bulletins, annual reports, journals, published papers, government and non-government documents and case studies. Limitation of these is that they may not be the updated one or may be manipulated as it is not collected by the researcher itself.

Secondary data is easy to collect as they are pre-collected and are preferred when there is lack of time whereas primary data's are tough to amass. Thus, if researcher wants to bring up to date, reliable and factual data's they should prefer primary source of collection. But, these data collection techniques vary according to problem generated in the thesis. Hence, go through the demands of your thesis first before indulging yourself into data collection.

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